Personal Investment Accounts (OKI) in Poland from 2027
Short answer: The OKI starts on 1 January 2027 for adults. Assets up to 100,000 zł (25,000 zł in savings) are exempt from the asset-value tax, planned at 0.85% for 2027 above that.
Poland is creating a new savings and investing wrapper called the Personal Investment Account, in Polish *osobiste konto inwestycyjne* (OKI). It starts on 1 January 2027. This guide explains what the law says, what is still open, and what it means for people living in Poland. Facts are as of 15 October 2026.
What the OKI is
The Ministry of Finance describes the OKI as a voluntary, free-to-use way to invest and save, with a different tax treatment from an ordinary brokerage or bank account. The legal basis is the act of 3 July 2026 on personal investment accounts, published in the Journal of Laws (Dz.U.) 2026, item 1098, on 18 August 2026. Article 46 of the act says it enters into force on 1 January 2027.
According to the Ministry, assets that can sit on an OKI include shares and fund units on the investing side, and deposits and treasury savings bonds on the savings side. The owner can pay money in and withdraw it at any time.
* Photos: "Piggy-bank-968302" and "Stock market charts illustration", Wikimedia Commons, CC0.
Who can open one
The act sets a few clear rules in Articles 3 and 4:
- Only an individual who is at least 18 years old can sign an OKI agreement.
- Only one investor can hold assets on a given OKI.
- One person may sign more than one OKI agreement. The tax limits below are counted across all of a person's accounts.
- An OKI is run by a financial institution under an umbrella agreement. The act does not name specific banks or brokers, so which providers will offer it is something to check closer to the start date.
The agreement records the investor's name, home address, PESEL number and, where required, tax ID (NIP). The act also says information about the account will be available to the investor through the e-Urząd Skarbowy (e-Tax Office) account.
The text we checked does not set a residence or citizenship condition for opening an OKI. Article 21 says the asset-value tax applies to investors regardless of their country of residence. Whether a given provider will accept a foreign address or a missing PESEL is a question for that provider.
How the tax works
The OKI replaces the usual yearly tax on gains with a tax on the value of the assets held. The Ministry of Finance says income on an OKI (gains, interest, dividends) is outside the standard 19% capital-gains tax, even above the threshold described below.
The main numbers from the act and the Ministry page:
- Assets up to 100,000 zł (counted as the average value over the tax year, across all your OKI accounts) are exempt from the asset-value tax.
- Within that 100,000 zł, the "savings" part is capped at 25,000 zł. This covers items such as zloty bank balances, treasury savings bonds and treasury bills (Article 26).
- Above the limits, the asset-value tax applies. By Article 25 the rate is 19% of the National Bank of Poland reference rate on 31 October of the previous year, with a minimum of 0.1%. The Minister of Finance announces the rate by 30 November.
- For 2027 the act fixes the rate at 0.85% (Article 43).
The exempt categories in the act are detailed. The 100,000 zł band covers things like shares of companies with zloty-denominated capital, zloty bonds, and fund units where at least 70% of assets are "qualifying". Check the exact list in Article 26 before assuming a product qualifies.
What it means in practice
For a small investor, the headline is simple: if the average value stays under the limits, the asset-value tax is zero, and gains are not taxed at 19%. For a larger portfolio, the tax depends on the value of assets rather than on profit, so it applies even in a year with a loss. Anyone with a large portfolio should compare the two systems with a tax adviser.
The OKI does not replace the existing accounts. The act does not say that it changes the rules of IKE or IKZE. For those, see our guide to IKE and IKZE. For how ordinary gains are taxed today, see our PIT-38 capital gains guide. For savings bonds, which fit the savings part of an OKI, see our treasury bonds article.
What to do now
1. Nothing is required before 1 January 2027, and the account is voluntary. 2. Watch for provider announcements in the coming months, since the act leaves it to financial institutions to offer OKI products. 3. Read the Ministry of Finance page and the text of the act for the list of qualifying assets. 4. If you live in Poland but are a tax resident elsewhere, ask a tax adviser how the OKI interacts with your situation. The sources we checked do not cover it.
Rules and rates can change, and the 2028 rate will depend on the NBP reference rate at the end of October 2027. Always check the current figures with the Ministry of Finance or your provider.
Frequently asked questions
When does the Personal Investment Account start?
The act of 3 July 2026 enters into force on 1 January 2027 (Dz.U. 2026 poz. 1098, Article 46).
Is the OKI mandatory?
No. The Ministry of Finance describes it as voluntary and free to use.
Can I have more than one OKI?
Yes. The act allows an investor to sign more than one agreement, but the exemption limits are counted across all of them together.
Do I pay the 19% Belka tax on OKI gains?
According to the Ministry of Finance, income on an OKI is outside the 19% tax. Instead there is an asset-value tax above the limits, planned at 0.85% for 2027.
Can foreigners open an OKI?
The act requires only that the holder is an adult individual. It does not set a nationality rule in the text we checked, but providers set their own onboarding requirements, so ask the provider.
